Driving Circuit, Touch Display Device, and Method of Driving the Touch Display Device

ABSTRACT

A driving circuit, a touch display device, and a method of driving the touch display device. A plurality of first electrodes are disposed within a display panel. A second electrode is disposed outside of the display panel. A driving circuit detects at least one of a touch position and a touching force of a touch by sequentially applying a first electrode driving signal to at least one first electrode among the plurality of first electrodes and applying a second electrode driving signal to the second electrode in a touch driving period. When a user touches a screen, not only can a touch position be sensed, but also a touching force with which the user presses the screen can also be efficiently sensed. This provides a range of functions that existing touch position-detecting technologies have failed to provide.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority from and the benefit under 35 U.S.C.§119(a) of Republic of Korea Patent Application Number 10-2016-0019892filed on Feb. 19, 2016, which is hereby incorporated by reference forall purposes as if fully set forth herein.

BACKGROUND

Field

The present disclosure relates to a driving circuit, a touch displaydevice, and a method of driving the touch display device.

Description of Related Art

In response to the development of the information society, there hasbeen increasing demand for various types of display devices able todisplay images. A range of display devices, such as liquid crystaldisplay (LCD) devices, plasma display panels (PDPs), and organiclight-emitting diode (OLED) display devices, are in common use.

Such display devices may be included in mobile devices, such assmartphones and tablets, and medium-sized or larger display devices,such as smart TVs, to provide a touch-based user interface for userconvenience according to various device characteristics.

Such display devices allowing for touch-based device interactions arebeing developed to provide a wider range of functions, and user demandsare also becoming ever more diverse.

However, currently available touch-type user interfaces are designed toonly detect a point touched by a user (touch coordinates) and executeinput processing at the sensed touch position. Current touch-type userinterfaces are limited in current circumstances in which a large numberof functions must be provided in a range of types and shapes and a largenumber of user demands must be satisfied.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Various aspects of the present disclosure provide a driving circuit, atouch display device, and a method of driving the touch display device,in which, when a user touches a screen, not only can a touch position besensed, but also a touching force with which the user presses the screencan also be efficiently sensed, in order to provide a range offunctions.

Also provided are a driving circuit, a touch display device, and amethod of driving the touch display device, in which electrodes of asingle type disposed within a display panel can be simultaneously usedfor three distinct driving operations, including display (image output),touch sensing, and force sensing.

Also provided are a driving circuit, a touch display device, and amethod of driving the touch display device, in which both a touchsensing operation and a force sensing operation can be simultaneouslyexecuted in a touch driving period.

Also provided are a driving circuit, a touch display device, and amethod of driving the touch display device, in which multiple touchescan be detected by executing force sensing.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a touch display devicemay include: a plurality of first electrodes disposed within a displaypanel; a second electrode disposed outside of the display panel; and adriving circuit. The driving circuit detects at least one of a touchposition and a touching force of a touch by sequentially applying afirst electrode driving signal to at least one first electrode among theplurality of first electrodes and applying a second electrode drivingsignal to the second electrode in a touch driving period.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method ofdriving a touch display device may include: driving a display panel in adisplay driving period; sequentially driving at least one firstelectrode among a plurality of first electrodes disposed within thedisplay panel and driving a second electrode disposed outside of thedisplay panel in a touch driving period; and detecting at least one of atouch position and a touching force of a touch.

According to further another aspect of the present invention, a drivingcircuit may include: a signal generating circuit generating andoutputting a first electrode driving signal; a first electrode drivingcircuit receiving the first electrode driving signal and applying thefirst electrode driving signal to at least one first electrode among aplurality of first electrodes in a touch driving period; and a secondelectrode driving circuit applying a second electrode driving signal toa second electrode disposed outside of a display panel in the touchdriving period.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention,a touch displaydevice may include: a plurality of first electrodes disposed within adisplay panel; a second electrode disposed outside of the display panel,the second electrode comprising two or more split electrodes; and adriving circuit applying a first electrode signal to the plurality offirst electrodes and applying a second electrode driving signal to thetwo or more split electrodes.

According to the present disclosure as set forth above, when a usertouches a screen, not only can a touch position be sensed, but also atouching force with which the user presses the screen can also beefficiently sensed, in order to provide a range of functions.

In addition, according to the present disclosure, the electrodes of asingle type disposed within the display panel can be simultaneously usedfor three distinct driving operations, including display (image output),touch sensing, and force sensing.

Furthermore, according to the present disclosure, both a touch sensingoperation and a force sensing operation can be simultaneously executedin a touch driving period.

In addition, according to the present disclosure, it is possible todetect multiple touches by executing force sensing.

In one embodiment, a touch display device comprises a plurality of firstelectrodes disposed within a display panel. The display device alsoincludes one or more second electrodes separated from the firstelectrodes by a gap. The display device also includes a driving circuit.The driving circuit applies a first electrode driving signal to at leastone first electrode among the plurality of first electrodes, applies asecond electrode driving signal different than the first electrodedriving signal to the one or more second electrodes, and detects touchposition and force touch based on a signal generated responsive to boththe first electrode driving signal and the second electrode drivingsignal.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies a common voltage to theat least one first electrode during a display driving period of a frameperiod; and the driving circuit applies the first electrode drivingsignal and the second electrode driving signal during a touch drivingperiod of the frame period, the touch driving period distinct in timefrom the display driving period.

In one embodiment, the first electrode driving signal is a pulse signal,and the second electrode driving signal is a pulse signal or a signalhaving a direct current (DC) voltage.

In one embodiment, when the first electrode driving signal and thesecond electrode driving signal are pulse signals, the first electrodedriving signal and the second electrode driving signal are in phase witheach other or 180 degrees out of phase with each other.

In one embodiment, when the first electrode driving signal and thesecond electrode driving signal are in-phase pulse signals, an amplitudeof the second electrode driving signal is greater than an amplitude ofthe first electrode driving signal.

In one embodiment, the direct current voltage is a predeterminedreference voltage or a ground voltage.

In one embodiment, the one or more second electrodes is a single secondelectrode that corresponds to all of the plurality of first electrodes.The plurality of first electrodes is divided into a plurality of firstelectrode groups. The driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the first electrode driving signal to respective groups of the firstelectrode groups at different respective times.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the second electrode driving signal to the second electrode during eachof the different respective times.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the second electrode driving signal to the second electrode only at apoint in time at which the first electrode driving signal is applied toan electrode group among the first electrode groups corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the second electrode driving signal to the second electrode only at apoints in time at which the first electrode signal is applied to anelectrode group among the first electrode groups corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position and is applied to other electrodegroups among the first electrode groups that are adjacent to theelectrode group.

In another embodiment the one or more second electrodes comprises aplurality of second electrodes. The plurality of first electrodes aredivided into a plurality of first electrode groups and the drivingcircuit applies, during a frame period, the first electrode drivingsignal to respective groups of the first electrode groups at differentrespective times.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during the frame period,the second electrode driving signal to all of the plurality of secondelectrodes during each of the different respective times.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the first electrode driving signal to respective groups of the firstelectrode groups at different respective times while also providing thesecond electrode driving signal to respective groups of the secondelectrode groups at each of the different respective times.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during the frame period,the second electrode driving signal to all of the plurality of secondelectrodes only at a point in time during which the first electrodedriving signal is applied to an electrode group among the plurality offirst electrode groups corresponding to a previously-detected touchposition.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies, during the frame period,the second electrode driving signal to all of the plurality of secondelectrodes only at points in time at which the first electrode signal isapplied to an electrode group of the electrode groups and is applied toother electrode groups among the first electrode groups that areadjacent to the electrode group.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies the second electrodedriving signal during the frame period and at a point in time at whichthe first electrode driving signal is applied to an electrode groupamong the plurality of first electrode groups corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position, the second electrode driving signalapplied only to a single second electrode among the plurality of secondelectrodes that corresponds to the previously-detected touch position.

In one embodiment, the driving circuit applies the second electrodedriving signal during the frame period and at a point in time at whichthe first electrode driving signal is applied to an electrode groupamong the plurality of first electrode groups corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position and other electrode groups among theplurality of first electrode groups adjacent to the electrode group, thesecond electrode driving signal applied only to a subset of the secondelectrodes corresponding to the previously-detected touch position andadjacent to the previously-detected touch position.

In one embodiment, the signal used by the driving circuit to detecttouch position and force touch is a signal received from the one or morefirst electrodes.

In one embodiment, a size of the gap varies depending on a force of atouch.

In one embodiment, a driving circuit for a touch display device isdisclosed. The driving circuit comprises a first circuit to apply afirst electrode driving signal to at least one first electrode among theplurality of first electrodes. A second circuit is to apply a secondelectrode driving signal different than the first electrode drivingsignal to the one or more second electrodes. A third circuit is todetect touch position and force touch based on a signal generatedresponsive to both the first electrode driving signal and the secondelectrode driving signal.

In one embodiment, a method of driving a touch display device isdisclosed. The method comprises applying a first electrode drivingsignal to at least one first electrode among the plurality of firstelectrodes; applying a second electrode driving signal different thanthe first electrode driving signal to the one or more second electrodes;and

-   detecting touch position and force touch based on a signal generated    responsive to both the first electrode driving signal and the second    electrode driving signal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the presentdisclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detaileddescription when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a touch display device according toexemplary embodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates two driving modes of the touch display deviceaccording to the present embodiments;

FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B illustrate a sensing method for a first touch typein the touch display device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B illustrate a sensing method for a second touch typein the touch display device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B illustrate a sensing method for a third touch typein the touch display device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D illustrate a first electrode driving signal and asecond electrode driving signal for touch driving according to thepresent embodiments;

FIG. 7 is an exemplary view of the driving circuit of the touch displaydevice according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 8 illustrates the intensity of an incoming signal in response toin-phase touch driving and the intensity of an incoming signal inresponse to out-of-phase touch driving in the touch display deviceaccording to the present embodiments, when a force touch is performedusing a pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of anonconductive material;

FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B illustrate signal intensity distributions in thetouch display device according to the present embodiments when signalsare received in response to a soft touch and a force touch;

FIG. 10A illustrates signal intensities when a soft touch is performedusing a pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of a conductivematerial, and signal intensities when a force touch is performed using apointer, the contact portion of which is formed of a conductivematerial, in the case in which the touch display device according to thepresent embodiments executes in-phase phase touch driving during a touchdriving period;

FIG. 10B illustrates signal intensities when a soft touch is performedusing a pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of a conductivematerial, and signal intensities when a force touch is performed using apointer, the contact portion of which is formed of a conductivematerial, in the case in which the touch display device according to thepresent embodiments executes out-of-phase touch driving during a touchdriving period;

FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B schematically illustrate a force sensing structureof the touch display device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view of the touch display device accordingto the present embodiments;

FIG. 12B illustrates a situation in which the size of the gap changes inresponse to a force touch;

FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B illustrate the driving circuit of the touchdisplay device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B illustrate signal supply structures of the touchdisplay device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 15 illustrates two operating driving periods of the touch displaydevice according to the present embodiments and signals applied to afirst electrode and a second electrode depending on the operatingdriving periods;

FIG. 16A and FIG. 16b illustrate first and second allocation methods fortwo driving periods of the touch display device according to the presentembodiments;

FIG. 17 illustrates a switch circuit and a signal detection circuit ofthe first electrode driving circuit in the driving circuit of the touchdisplay device according to the present embodiments;

FIG. 18 illustrates exemplary embodiments of the switch circuit and thesignal detection circuit of the first electrode driving circuit in thedriving circuit of the touch display device according to the presentembodiments;

FIG. 19, FIG. 20A, and FIG. 20B illustrate an exemplary first electrodedriving method of the touch display device according to the presentembodiments;

FIG. 21, FIG. 22A, and FIG. 22B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including full driving of the second electrode in the touchdisplay device according to the present embodiments when the secondelectrode is an electrode plate;

FIG. 23, FIG. 24A, and FIG. 24B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including temporal partial driving of the second electrode in thetouch display device according to the present embodiments when thesecond electrode is an electrode plate;

FIG. 25, FIG. 26A, and FIG. 26B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including extended temporal partial driving of the secondelectrode in the touch display device according to the presentembodiments when the second electrode is an electrode plate;

FIG. 27, FIG. 28A, and FIG. 28B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including full driving of the second electrode when the secondelectrode of the touch display device according to the presentembodiments is a split electrode assembly;

FIG. 29, FIG. 30A, and FIG. 30B illustrate another exemplary touchdriving method including full driving of the second electrode when thesecond electrode of the touch display device according to the presentembodiments is a split electrode assembly;

FIG. 31, FIG. 32A, and FIG. 32B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including temporal partial driving of the second electrode whenthe second electrode of the touch display device according to thepresent embodiments is a split electrode assembly;

FIG. 33, FIG. 34A, and FIG. 34B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including extended temporal partial driving of the secondelectrode when the second electrode of the touch display deviceaccording to the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly;

FIG. 35, FIG. 36A, and FIG. 36B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including temporal/spatial partial driving of the secondelectrode when the second electrode of the touch display deviceaccording to the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly;

FIG. 37, FIG. 38A, and FIG. 38B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including extended temporal/spatial partial driving of the secondelectrode when the second electrode of the touch display deviceaccording to the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly;

FIG. 39 is a flowchart illustrating the method of driving the touchdisplay device according to the present embodiments; and

FIG. 40 to FIG. 43 illustrate exemplary display driving ICs of the touchdisplay device according to the present embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the presentdisclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. Throughout this document, reference should be made to thedrawings, in which the same reference numerals and signs will be used todesignate the same or like components. In the following description ofthe present disclosure, detailed descriptions of known functions andcomponents incorporated herein will be omitted in the case that thesubject matter of the present disclosure may be rendered unclearthereby.

It will also be understood that, while terms such as “first,” “second,”“A,” “B,” “(a),” and “(b)” may be used herein to describe variouselements, such terms are only used to distinguish one element fromanother element. The substance, sequence, order or number of theseelements is not limited by these terms. It will be understood that whenan element is referred to as being “connected to” or “coupled to”another element, not only can it be “directly connected” or “coupled to”the other element, but it can also be “indirectly connected or coupledto” the other element via an “intervening” element. In the same context,it will be understood that when an element is referred to as beingformed “on” or “under” another element, not only can it be directlyformed on or under another element, but it can also be indirectly formedon or under another element via an intervening element.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a touch display device 100 according toexemplary embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1, the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments can provide not only a display function to displayimages, but also a “touch sensing function” to detect a touch position(i.e. a concept including whether or not a touch has occurred, and alsoreferred to as touch coordinates) when the screen has been touched by apointer, such as a finger or a stylus, and/or and a “force sensingfunction” to detect a touching force corresponding to the magnitude offorce (pressure) applied by a user touching the screen.

The term “touch” used herein refers to an action in which the usertouches a display panel 110 with a pointer, such as a finger or astylus.

Here, the term “touch” may be divided into “soft touch” in which themagnitude of force (pressure) of pressing the display panel 110 is equalto or less than a predetermined magnitude and “force touch (strongtouch)” in which the magnitude of force (pressure) pressing the displaypanel 110 is greater than the predetermined magnitude.

The pointer may be a pointer, such as a finger of the user or a stylus,a panel contact portion of which is formed of a conductive material, orin some cases, may be a pointer, a panel contact portion of which isformed of a nonconductive material.

For the touch sensing function, the pointer must be a pointer, the panelcontact portion of which is formed of a conductive material. Incontrast, for the force sensing function, the pointer may be a pointerformed not only of a conductive material, but also of a nonconductivematerial. The pointer for the force sensing function may be any type ofpointer able to press the screen.

That is, when a soft touch is performed using the pointer, the panelcontact portion of which is formed of a conductive material, the touchdisplay device 100 can detect a touch position (touch coordinates) usingthe touch sensing function. The touch position is also referred to astouch coordinates, and may be a concept including whether or not a touchhas actually occurred.

When a force touch is performed using the pointer, the panel contactportion of which is formed of a conductive material, the touch displaydevice 100 can detect a touch position using the touch sensing functionand can detect a touching force corresponding to the magnitude of force(pressure) applied by the user using the force sensing function.

When a force touch is performed using the pointer, the panel contactportion of which is formed of a nonconductive material, the touchdisplay device 100 can detect a touching force corresponding to themagnitude of applied force (pressure) using the force sensing function.

Referring to FIG. 1, the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments includes a plurality of first electrodes E1, atleast one second electrode E2, and a driving circuit 120.

The plurality of first electrodes E1 form “touch sensors” required todetermine whether or not a touch has occurred and to detect touchedcoordinates. The plurality of first electrodes E1 may be disposed on atouchscreen panel separate from the display panel 110 or may be disposedwithin the display panel 110.

When the plurality of first electrodes E1 are disposed within thedisplay panel 110, the display panel 110 may be referred to as a“touchscreen embedded display panel” within which the plurality of firstelectrodes E1 functioning as touch sensors are disposed.

The touchscreen disposed within the display panel 110 may be an in-celltouchscreen panel or an on-cell touchscreen panel.

The second electrode E2 is an electrode added to sense a touching force,and may be located outside (e.g. on the bottom, top, and sides) of thedisplay panel 110.

In order to sense the touching force, not only the second electrode E2is operated, but also the plurality of first electrodes E1 are operated.

Thus, in the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments, the plurality of first electrodes E1 disposed within thedisplay panel 110 and the second electrode E2 located outside of thedisplay panel 110 may be collectively referred to as “force sensors.”

In the touch display device 100 according to the present embodiments,the first electrodes E1 function as touch sensors for detecting a touchposition as well as force sensors for detecting a touching force.

In addition, in the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments, the first electrodes E1 may be one type of displayelectrodes to which display driving voltages are applied during adisplay driving period.

For example, in the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments, the first electrodes E1 may be common electrodes to whichcommon voltages Vcom corresponding to display driving voltages areapplied during the display driving period. Here, the common voltagesVcom may be voltages corresponding to pixel voltages (data voltages) ofsubpixels.

When the first electrodes E1 are used as one type of display drivingelectrodes to which display driving voltages are applied during thedisplay driving period, the first electrodes E1 perform three functions,namely those of touch sensors, force sensors, and display drivingelectrodes.

During the display driving period, the second electrode E2 may be in afloating state in which no voltage is applied thereto, may be in a statein which a ground voltage GND is applied thereto, may be in a state inwhich a specific DV voltage other than the ground voltage GND is appliedthereto, or may be in a state in which an AC voltage is applied thereto.

Although the second electrode E2 may be controlled to be in a variety ofvoltage states during the display driving period as described above, itis more advantageous, in terms of system reliability and reductions ofpower consumption, to set the second electrode E2 to be in a floatingstate or to apply a specific DC voltage to the second electrode E2.

FIG. 2 illustrates two driving modes of the touch display device 100according to the present embodiments.

The two driving modes of the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments include a display mode of providing a displayfunction to display images and a touch mode of providing a touch sensingfunction to detect a touch position and a force sensing function todetect a touching force.

In a predefined display driving period, the touch display device 100according to the present embodiments can provide a display function ofdisplaying an intended image by driving a variety of display drivingelectrodes, such as data lines and gate lines, arranged on the displaypanel 110, and thus controlling the gradation levels of subpixelsdefined by the data lines and the gate lines.

In a predefined touch driving period, the touch display device 100according to the present embodiments can provide a touch sensingfunction of detecting a touch position and a force sensing function ofdetecting a touching force by driving the plurality of first electrodesE1 as well as driving the second electrode E2 using the driving circuit120.

Returning to FIG. 1, in the touch driving period, the driving circuit120 can drive the plurality of first electrodes E1 by sequentiallyapplying a first electrode driving signal DS1 to the plurality of firstelectrodes E1 and drive the second electrode E2 by applying a secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2, therebydetecting at least one of a touch position and a touching force inresponse to a single touch.

In the touch driving period, the driving circuit 120 may detect a touchposition, a touching force, or both the touch position and the touchingforce in the single touch, depending on touch type, by driving theplurality of first electrodes E1 and driving the second electrode E2.

In this regard, the driving circuit 120 executes the same sensingprocess regardless of touch type, thereby obtaining detection resultsregarding both a touch position and a touching force or obtaining adetection result on the touch position or the touching force, instead ofdetecting the touch position, the touching force, or both the touchposition and the touching force in the single touch by executingdifferent sensing processes depending on touch type.

As described above, the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments can detect both a touch position and a touchingforce in a single touch mode in which the touch display device 100 isoperating, instead of using a touch position-detecting operating mode(i.e. an operating mode for the touch sensing function) and a touchingforce-detecting operating mode (i.e. an operating mode for the forcesensing function) as separate operating modes. In other words, thenumber of operating modes of the touch display device 100 may bereduced.

Consequently, it is easier to control each of the operating drivingperiods, and it is unnecessary to spend a greater amount of time (alonger time) to detect a touch position and a touching force, such thata greater amount of time (a longer time) can be allocated to the displaydriving period, thereby improving image display performance.

The display driving period in which the touch display device 100operates in the display mode and the touch driving period in which thetouch display device 100 operates in the touch mode may be set bycollectively considering display efficiency, touch sensing efficiency,and force sensing efficiency.

The display driving period and the touch driving period may be occur atdifferent times or may overlap in time. In some cases, intervals of timein which the display driving period and the touch driving period aredivided and intervals of time in which the display driving period andthe touch driving period overlap may be mixed.

For example, a single frame period may include at least one displaydriving period. One or more touch driving periods may be present inevery frame period.

As described above, it is possible to set the display driving period, inwhich the touch display device 100 operates in the display mode, and thetouch driving period, in which the touch display device 100 operates inthe touch mode, as a variety of forms by collectively consideringdisplay efficiency, touch sensing efficiency, and force sensingefficiency. It is thereby possible to improve the display performance,the touch sensing performance, and the force sensing performance of thetouch display device 100.

Returning to FIG. 1, in the touch driving period, the driving circuit120 can detect at least one of a touch position and a touching force inresponse to a single touch, based on signals received from the firstelectrodes E1.

As described above, it is possible to simultaneously detect a touchposition and a touching force based on signals obtained by a signaldetection process via the first electrodes E1, without having toindividually execute a signal detection process for detecting the touchposition and a signal detection process for detecting the touchingforce.

FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B illustrate a sensing method for a first touch typein the touch display device 100 according to the present embodiments,FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B illustrate a sensing method for a second touch typein the touch display device 100 according to the present embodiments,and FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B illustrate a sensing method for a third touchtype in the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments.

Referring to FIG. 3A to FIG. 5B, in a touch driving period, the drivingcircuit 120 executes an operation for detecting a touch position and atouching force by sequentially applying a first electrode driving signalDS1 to the plurality of first electrodes E1 and applying a secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2.

In response to the operation of the driving circuit 120 in the touchdriving period, a first capacitance C1 is formed between a pertinentfirst electrode E1 and a pointer matching the first touch type, and asecond capacitance C2 is formed between the pertinent first electrode E1and the second electrode E2.

The first capacitance C1 and the second capacitance C2 formed inrelation to the pertinent first electrode E1 may vary depending onwhether or not a touch has occurred in the position of the pertinentfirst electrode E1 and the presence (magnitude) of touching force.

Thus, the driving circuit 120 can determine a change in the magnitude ofthe first capacitance C1 and a change in the magnitude of the secondcapacitance C2 based on signals received from the first electrodes E1,can detect a touch position based on the change in the magnitude of thefirst capacitance C1, and can detect a touch force based on the changein the magnitude of the second capacitance C2.

Referring to FIG. 3A to FIG. 5B, the touch display device 100 may bestructurally provided with at least one gap G, the size of which variesdepending on the touching force, formed between the plurality of firstelectrodes E1 and the second electrode E2, such that a touching forcedetection is possible.

The gap G may be, for example, an air gap or a dielectric gap.

When a force touch occurs at a point, the vertical size of the gap Gchanges. This consequently causes a change in the magnitude of thesecond capacitance C2 between the pertinent first electrode E1 and thesecond electrode E2. Based on this change in the magnitude of the secondcapacitance C2, the touching force sensing function of detecting atouching force can be executed.

Here, the result of touching force detection may include informationregarding the presence of touching force and information regarding themagnitude of touching force.

As described above, since the size-changeable gap G is structurallyformed between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, thetouching force sensing function can be executed.

As described above, even in the case in which the driving circuit 120drives the first electrodes E1 and the second electrode E2 in the samemanner during the touch driving period, detected information may bedifferent depending on touch type.

For example, referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, when a touch is a firsttouch type performed using the pointer, the contact portion of which isformed of a conductive material, and corresponding to a soft touchoccurring due to pressing force being equal to or less than apredetermined level, the driving circuit 120 can only detect the touchposition of the touch based on signals received from the firstelectrodes E1 by driving the first electrodes E1 and the secondelectrode E2.

When the touch is the first touch type performed using the pointer, thecontact portion of which is formed of a conductive material, andcorresponding to a soft touch occurring due to pressing force beingequal to or less than a predetermined level, the magnitude of the firstcapacitance C1 between the relevant first electrode E1 and the pointerhas changed but the magnitude of the second capacitance C2 between therelevant electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 has not changed,whereby only the touch position can be detected.

In another example, referring to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4b , when a touch is asecond touch type performed using a pointer, the contact portion ofwhich is formed of a conductive material, and corresponding to a forcetouch occurring due to pressing force exceeding a predeterminedmagnitude, the driving circuit 120 can detect both the touch positionand the touching force of the touch, based on signals received from thefirst electrodes E1.

When the touch is the second touch type performed using the pointer, thecontact portion of which is formed of a conductive material, andcorresponding to a force touch occurring due to pressing force exceedinga predetermined magnitude, both a change in the first capacitance C1between the pertinent first electrode E1 and the pointer and a change inthe second capacitance C2 between the pertinent first electrode E1 andthe second electrode E2 have occurred, whereby both the touch positionand the touching force of the single touch can be detected.

In a further example, referring to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, when a touch isa third touch type performed using a pointer, the contact portion ofwhich is formed of a nonconductive material, and corresponding to aforce touch occurring due to pressing force exceeding a predeterminedmagnitude, the driving circuit 120 can only detect a touching force ofthe touch, based on signals received from the first electrodes E1.

When the touch is the third touch type performed using the pointer, thecontact portion of which is formed of a nonconductive material, andcorresponding to a force touch occurring due to pressing force exceedinga predetermined magnitude, no first capacitance C1 is formed between thepertinent first electrode E1 and the pointer but the magnitude of thesecond capacitance C2 between the relevant electrode E1 and the secondelectrode E2 has changed, whereby only the touching force of the singletouch can be detected.

As described above, the touch display device 100 has the gap structurebetween the first electrodes E1 and the second electrode E2 and executesthe sensing process based on signals received from the first electrodesE1. Thus, even in the case in which the first electrodes E1 and thesecond electrode E2 are driven in the same manner and the signaldetection process and the sensing process are executed in the samemanner, regardless of touch type, during the touch driving period,detection information according to touch type can be obtained.

Hereinafter, the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 for touch driving during the touch drivingperiod will be described.

During the touch driving period, the first electrode driving signal DS1applied to the first electrodes E1 may be regarded as a touch drivingsignal in terms of the touch sensing function of detecting a touchposition and may be regarded as a force driving signal in terms of theforce sensing function of detecting a touching force.

In addition, during the touch driving period, the second electrodedriving signal DS2 applied to the second electrode E2 may be regarded asa force driving signal in terms of the force sensing function ofdetecting a touching force.

Since the touch sensing function of detecting a touch position and theforce sensing function of detecting a touching force are simultaneouslyexecuted in the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments, the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 are used in place of the touch drivingsignal and the force driving signal that are indicative of the types offunctions.

FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D illustrate a first electrode driving signal DS1 and asecond electrode driving signal DS2 for touch driving according to thepresent embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the first electrode driving signal DS1may be a pulse signal having an amplitude, a frequency, and a phase.

In contrast, the second electrode driving signal DS2 may be a pulsesignal, as illustrated in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, or in some cases, may bea signal having a DC voltage, as illustrated in FIG. 6C and FIG. 6D.

As described above, a driving operation can be executed in a touchdriving period using a variety of combinations of the first electrodedriving signal DS1 and the second electrode driving signal DS2, withwhich a touch position and a touching force can be detected. Thus, inthe touch display device 100, a signal generating or convertingcomponent (e.g. a signal generating circuit 1300 illustrated in FIG. 13Aor a signal converter 1340 illustrated in FIG. 13B) can use a suitableform of second electrode driving signal DS2 according to a power systemenvironment, a signal generating scheme, or a signal conversion schemeof the touch display device 100.

When the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the second electrodedriving signal DS2 are pulse signals, the first electrode driving signalDS1 and the second electrode driving signal DS2 may be in phase witheach other, as illustrated in FIG. 6A, or may be out of phase with eachother, as illustrated in FIG. 6B.

When the phase of the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the phaseof the second electrode driving signal DS2 are the same, the firstelectrode driving signal DS1 and the second electrode driving signal DS2are referred to as being in phase with each other.

When the phase of first electrode driving signal DS1 and the phase ofthe second electrode driving signal DS2 are inverse to each other andtherefore out of phase by 180 degrees, the first electrode drivingsignal DS1 and the second electrode driving signal DS2 are referred toas being out of phase with each other.

The frequency of the first electrode driving signal DS1 and thefrequency of the second electrode driving signal DS2 are the same.

As described above, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 and thesecond electrode driving signal DS2 are pulse signals, driving can beexecuted using the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 that are in phase or out of phase with eachother. Thus, the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the secondelectrode driving signal DS2, corresponding to the signal generatingscheme or the signal conversion scheme of the signal generatingcomponent or the signal converting component (e.g. the signal generatingcircuit 1300 illustrated in FIG. 13A or the signal converter 1340illustrated in FIG. 13B) of the touch display device 100, can be used.

Referring to FIG. 6A, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 andthe second electrode driving signal DS2 are in-phase pulse signals, thephase of the second electrode driving signal DS2 is the same as thephase of the first electrode driving signal DS1, whereas the amplitudeV2 of the second electrode driving signal DS2 may be greater than theamplitude V1 of the first electrode driving signal DS1.

The amplitude V1 of the first electrode driving signal DS1 swingingbetween a higher level voltage and a lower level voltage corresponds tothe difference between the higher level voltage and the lower levelvoltage. The amplitude V1 of the second electrode driving signal DS2swinging between a higher level voltage and a lower level voltagecorresponds to the difference between the higher level voltage and thelower level voltage.

When the first electrode driving signal DS1 and the second electrodedriving signal DS2 are in-phase pulse signals as described above, theamplitude V2 of the second electrode driving signal DS2 can be set to begreater than the amplitude V1 of the first electrode driving signal DS1.Thus, when touch position information and touching force information aremixed in signals received from the first electrodes E1, it is possibleto detect a touch position and a touching force by accuratelydistinguishing the touch position and the touching force.

When the second electrode driving signal DS2 is a DC voltage signal, theDC voltage thereof may be a ground voltage GND, as illustrated in FIG.6C, or may be a predetermined reference voltage Vref corresponding to asecond voltage V2, as illustrated in FIG. 6D.

Since the second electrode driving signal DS2 is used as a signal havingthe ground voltage GND or the DC voltage corresponding to thepredetermined reference voltage Vref as described above, it isadvantageously easy to generate the second electrode driving signal DS2.

FIG. 7 is an exemplary view of the driving circuit 120 of the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the driving circuit 120 includes a firstelectrode driving signal provider 710, a second electrode driving signalprovider 720, an integrator 730, and the like.

The first electrode driving signal provider 710 supplies a firstelectrode driving signal DS1 having a signal waveform from among thesignal waveforms illustrated in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D to the firstelectrodes E1 by on/off controlling of two switches SW1 and SW10.

The second electrode driving signal provider 720 supplies a secondelectrode driving signal DS2 having a signal waveform among the signalwaveforms illustrated in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D to the second electrode E2by on/off controlling of the two switches SW1 and SW10.

The integrator 730 includes an operation amplifier OP-AMP, a capacitorC, and a resistor R, and produces an output value by integrating aninput value of an input point electrically connected to the pertinentfirst electrode E2.

The driving circuit 120 further includes an analog-digital converterADC, a processor 740, and the like. The analog-digital converter ADCconverts the output value of the integrator into a digital value. Theprocessor 740 calculates a touch position and detects a touching forcebased on the digital value output by the analog-digital converter ADC.

At least one of the analog-digital converter ADC and the processor 740may be disposed outside of the driving circuit 120.

The circuit configuration of the driving circuit 120 illustrated in FIG.7 is only illustrative for the sake of explanation and may be embodiedin a variety of forms.

Referring to FIG. 7, when the driving circuit 120 is operated in a touchdriving period, the driving circuit 120 applies the first electrodedriving signal DS1 to the first electrodes E1, and applies the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2. Thereafter, thedriving circuit 120 converts integral values Vsen, produced byintegrating signals received from the first electrodes E1 using theintegrator 730, into digital values.

It is thereby possible to detect at least one of a touch position and atouching force by determining a charge level (or a voltage) or a changethereof depending on whether or not a touch has occurred, the presenceof touching force, and the like, based on the digital values of thefirst electrodes E1.

Referring to FIG. 7, a signal (an input of the integrator 730) receivedfrom each of the first electrodes E1 corresponds to a total amount ofcharges Q1+Q2 of a charge Q1 charged in a capacitor C1 between thepointer and the first electrode E1 and a charge Q2 charged in acapacitor C2 between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2.Thus, the signal at the input of integrator 730 is affected by thecapacitances C1, C2 and the levels of the touch driving signal DS1 andDS2.

The total amount of charges Q1+Q2 is charged in a capacitor C within theintegrator 730, and is then output as a sensing voltage Vsen from theintegrator 730.

Then, the analog-digital converter ADC converts the sensing voltage Vseninto a digital value.

The processor 740 can determine at least one of a touch position and atouching force based on the digital value (sensing value) output to theanalog-digital converter ADC.

When the touching force is determined, an application or a function,previously set to correspond to the touching force, can be executed.

Alternatively, when the touching force is detected, an application or afunction, previously set to correspond to the magnitude of touchingforce, can be executed.

FIG. 8 illustrates the intensity of an incoming signal in response toin-phase touch driving and the intensity of an incoming signal inresponse to out-of-phase touch driving in the touch display device 100according to the present embodiments, when a force touch is performedusing a pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of anonconductive material.

Here, FIG. 8 is based on the assumption that the first electrode drivingsignal DS1 and the second electrode driving signal DS2 are pulsesignals, as illustrated in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B.

Referring to FIG. 8, the intensity of a signal received from a firstelectrode E1 may be determined as a digital value output from theanalog-digital converter ADC.

Referring to FIG. 8, in the case of a soft touch, in which the magnitudeof pressing force is equal to or less than a predetermined magnitude, adigital value output from the analog-digital converter ADC is a positive(+) value with respect to a digital value (baseline) output from theanalog-digital converter ADC when no touch has occurred.

Referring to FIG. 8, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 and thesecond electrode driving signal DS2 are in phase with each other, in thecase of a force touch, in which the magnitude of pressing force appliedusing the pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of anonconductive material, exceeds the predetermined magnitude, a digitalvalue output from the analog-digital converter ADC is a negative (−)value with respect to the baseline.

Referring to FIG. 8, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 and thesecond electrode driving signal DS2 are out of phase with each other, inthe case of a force touch, in which the magnitude of pressing forceapplied using the pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of anonconductive material, exceeds the predetermined magnitude, a digitalvalue output from the analog-digital converter ADC is a positive (+)value with respect to the baseline.

FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B illustrate signal intensity distributions over theentire area (X-Y plane) of the display panel 110 of the touch displaydevice 100 according to the present embodiments when signals arereceived in response to a soft touch and a force touch.

Referring to FIG. 9A, regarding the entire area of the display panel110, when a soft touch occurs in specific points, the magnitudes ofdigital values (signal intensities) output from the analog-digitalconverter ADC are distributed such that signal intensity generallyincreases in the positive (+) direction of the z-axis with respect tothe baseline.

In addition, referring to the distribution of signal intensity in thecase of a soft touch, higher signal intensities may be concentricallydistributed at a point of the entire screen area (i.e. the entire areaof the display panel 110) at which the soft touch has occurred.

Referring to FIG. 9B, when the second electrode E2 is a single electrodeplate, in the case of a force touch, the magnitudes of digital values(signal intensities) output from the analog-digital converter ADC aredistributed such that signal intensity generally increases in thenegative (−) direction of the z-axis with respect to the baseline.

In addition, when a force touch has occurred, a maximum signal intensityin the negative (−) direction appears in the center of the screen, andsignal intensities gradually increase from the periphery toward thecenter of the screen.

As the force touch becomes stronger, changes in the size of the gap Gbetween the plurality of first electrodes E1 and the second electrode E2increase. Consequently, digital values output from the analog-digitalconverter ADC increase in the negative (−) direction of the z-axis withrespect to the baseline. The stronger the force touch is, the greaterthe signal intensity becomes.

FIG. 10A illustrates signal intensities when a soft touch is performedusing a pointer, the contact portion of which is formed of a conductivematerial, and signal intensities when a force touch is performed using apointer, the contact portion of which is formed of a conductivematerial, in the case in which the touch display device 100 according tothe present embodiments executes in-phase touch driving during a touchdriving period, and FIG. 10B illustrates signal intensities when a softtouch is performed using a pointer, the contact portion of which isformed of a conductive material, and signal intensities when a forcetouch is performed using a pointer, the contact portion of which isformed of a conductive material, in the case in which the touch displaydevice 100 according to the present embodiments executes out-of-phasetouch driving during a touch driving period.

Referring to FIG. 10A, the touch display device 100 executes in-phasetouch driving during a touch driving period, and a soft touch hasoccurred at a point Pt, using a pointer, the contact portion of which isformed of a conductive material. In this case, the distribution ofdigital values (signal intensities) has the following profile: a digitalvalue corresponding to a first electrode E1 in a position correspondingto the point Pt at which the soft touch has occurred is higher than thebaseline, and a digital value (signal intensity) corresponding to afirst electrode E1 in a position corresponding to a point at which nosoft touch has occurred is equal to or similar to the baseline.

When a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, using the pointer, thecontact portion of which is formed of a conductive material, the profileof the distribution of digital values (signal intensities) is shifted inthe negative (−) direction with respect to the baseline.

Referring to the distribution of digital values (signal intensities)when a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, the driving circuit 120detects a position at which the size difference Al from the minimumdigital value to the maximum digital value is the maximum as a touchposition.

Referring to the distribution of digital values (signal intensities)when a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, the driving circuit 120detects the presence of the force touch when the minimum digital valueis not identical to the baseline in the case in which the size B1 fromthe minimum digital value to the baseline is greater than zero (0).

In addition, referring to the distribution of digital values (signalintensities) when a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, thedriving circuit 120 detects the magnitude of touching force based on thesize B1 from the minimum digital value to the baseline.

Referring to FIG. 10B, the touch display device 100 executesout-of-phase touch driving during the touch driving period, and a softtouch has occurred at a point Pt, using a pointer, the contact portionof which is formed of a conductive material. In this case, thedistribution of digital values (signal intensities) has the followingprofile: a digital value corresponding to a first electrode E1 in aposition corresponding to the point Pt at which the soft touch hasoccurred is higher than the baseline, and a digital value (signalintensity) corresponding to a first electrode E1 in a positioncorresponding to a point at which no soft touch has occurred is equal toor similar to the baseline.

When a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, using the pointer, thecontact portion of which is formed of a conductive material, the profileof the distribution of digital values (signal intensities) is shifted inthe positive (+) direction with respect to the baseline.

Referring to the distribution of digital values (signal intensities)when a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, the driving circuit 120detects a position at which the size difference A2 from the minimumdigital value to the maximum digital value is the maximum as a touchposition.

Referring to the distribution of digital values (signal intensities)when a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, the driving circuit 120detects the presence of the force touch when the minimum digital valueis not identical to the baseline in the case in which the sizedifference B2 from the minimum digital value to the baseline is greaterthan zero (0).

In addition, referring to the distribution of digital values (signalintensities) when a force touch has occurred at the point Pt, thedriving circuit 120 detects the magnitude of touching force based on thesize B2 from the minimum digital value to the baseline.

FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B schematically illustrate a force sensing structureof the touch display device 100 according to the present embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 11A, the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments includes a plurality of first electrodes E1 disposedwithin a display panel 110 and a second electrode E2 disposed outside of(e.g. below) the display panel 110.

In addition, a gap G, the size of which is changeable in response to aforce touch, is formed between the plurality of first electrodes E1 andthe second electrode E2, such that force sensing is enabled.

In this regard, the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments includes a gap structure unit 1000 forming the gap G betweenthe plurality of first electrodes E1 and the second electrode E2, suchthat the size of the gap G is changeable in response to the force touch.

The gap structure unit 1000 enables force sensing.

The gap structure unit 1000 may have a shape (e.g. a frame period shape)corresponding to the outline shape of the display panel 110.

The gap structure unit 1000 may be a separate structure or may beembodied using an existing structure such as a guide panel.

The touch display device 100 according to the present embodiments may bea range of display devices, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD)device or an OLED display device.

Hereinafter, for the sake of explanation, the touch display device 100according to the present embodiments will be assumed to be an LCDdevice.

Referring to FIG. 11B, in the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments, the display panel 110 includes a first substrate1110 on which thin-film transistors (TFTs) and the like are disposed anda second substrate 1120 on which color filters (CFs) and the like aredisposed.

A driving chip 1130 may be disposed on, bonded to, or connected to theperipheral portion (non-active area) of the first substrate 1110.

The driving chip 1130 may be a chip in which a data driving circuit isformed, a chip including a first electrode driving circuit 1310 withinthe driving circuit 120, a chip including a data driving circuit and afirst electrode driving circuit (1310 in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B), or insome cases, a chip including the driving circuit 120.

Referring to FIG. 11B, a lower structure 1100 is disposed below thedisplay panel 110.

The lower structure 1100 may be, for example, a backlight unit. Inaddition, the lower structure 1100 may be any structure positioned belowthe display panel 110.

The gap structure unit 1000 may be disposed below, within, or to oneside of the lower structure 1100.

The second electrode E2 is disposed below the gap structure unit 1000.

The second electrode E2 may be positioned below or within the lowerstructure 1100 of the display panel 110.

As described above, the position of the second electrode E2 or theposition of the gap structure unit 1000 is variously designed. Thus, theforce sensor structure can be designed to be suitable for the designedstructures of the display panel 110 and the display device.

FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view of the touch display device 100having the force sensing structure according to the present embodiments,and FIG. 12B illustrates a situation in which the size of the gap Gchanges in response to a force touch.

Referring to FIG. 12A, the display panel 110 includes a firstpolarization plate 1210, a first substrate 1110, a plurality of firstelectrodes E1, a second substrate 1120, and a second polarization plate1220.

A bonding layer 1230 and an upper cover 1240 are disposed on the upperpart of the display panel 110.

A lower structure 1100 is disposed on the lower part of the displaypanel 110.

The lower structure 1100 may be a structure that is previously providedin the display device or a separate structure provided for a secondelectrode E2.

For example, the lower structure 1100 may be a backlight unit or a rearcover of the LCD device.

In addition, the lower structure 1100 may be any structure that can forma capacitor between each of the first electrodes E1 and the secondelectrode E2.

Referring to FIG. 12A, for example, the gap structure unit 1000 has theshape of a frame period having an open central portion. At least aportion of the periphery of the gap structure unit 1000 abuts the uppercomponent and the lower component (the second electrode E2).

The gap structure unit 1000 is situated between the periphery of therear surface (of the first polarization plate 1210) of the display panel110 and the periphery of the second electrode E2.

In addition, the lower structure 1100, such as a backlight unit, issituated in a space defined by the gap structure unit 1000, between therear surface (of the first polarization plate 1210) of the display panel110 and the second electrode E2.

A gap G, such as an air gap or a dielectric gap, is present between therear surface (of the first polarization plate 1210) of the display panel110 and the lower structure 1000.

Referring to FIG. 12b , when a force touch has occurred, the upper cover1240, the display panel 110, and the like are slightly warped downward.

This consequently changes the size of the gap g, such as an air gap or adielectric gap, disposed between the first electrodes E1 and the secondelectrode E2.

When the gap G prior to the force touch is designated as G1 and the gapG after the force touch is designated suitable G2, the touching forcereduces G2 to be smaller than G1.

As the gap G is reduced from G1 to G2 due to the force touch, a secondcapacitance C2 is changed, whereby the force touch can be recognized.

FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B illustrate the driving circuit 120 of the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, the driving circuit 120 of the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments is a circuitable to improve both the touch sensing function and the force sensingfunction.

The driving circuit 120 includes a signal generating circuit 1300, afirst electrode driving circuit 1310, a second electrode driving circuit1320, and a detection processor 1330.

The signal generating circuit 1300 generates and outputs a firstelectrode driving signal DS1.

The signal generating circuit 1300 may further generate a secondelectrode driving signal DS2. FIG. 13A illustrates the driving circuit120 when the signal generating circuit 1300 generates the secondelectrode driving signal DS2, and FIG. 13B illustrates the drivingcircuit 120 when the signal generating circuit 1300 does not generatethe second electrode driving signal DS2.

Referring to FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, in a touch driving period, the firstelectrode driving circuit 1310 receives the first electrode drivingsignal DS1 and sequentially applies the first electrode driving signalDS1 to the plurality of first electrodes E1.

The first electrode driving circuit 1310 may include an integrator 730,an analog-digital converter ADC, and the like, as illustrated in FIG. 7.

When the plurality of first electrodes E1 are one type of displayelectrodes to which display driving voltages are applied during adisplay driving period, the first electrode driving circuit 1310 mayapply display driving voltages to all of the plurality of firstelectrodes E1 during the display driving period.

Consequently, the plurality of first electrodes E1 functioning asdisplay driving electrodes during the display driving period can be usedas touch sensors and force sensors in the touch driving period.

Referring to FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, the second electrode driving circuit1320 is a circuit for applying the second electrode driving signal DS2to the second electrode E2 positioned outside of the display panel 110in the touch driving period.

The use of the above-described driving circuit 120 can provide not onlythe touch sensing function of determining whether or not the screen hasbeen touched and/or detecting a touch point, but also the force sensingfunction of determining the presence and/or magnitude of touching force.

Referring to FIG. 13A, the signal generating circuit 1300 can furthergenerate and output the second electrode driving signal DS2.

Then, the second electrode driving circuit 1320 transfers the secondelectrode driving signal DS2, output from the signal generating circuit1300, to the second electrode E2.

Since the signal generating circuit 1300 generates and outputs not onlythe first electrode driving signal DS1, but also the second electrodedriving signal DS2, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the use of the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 different from the first electrode drivingsignal DS1 facilitates driving in the touch driving period.

Referring to FIG. 13B, since the signal generating circuit 1300 does notgenerate the second electrode driving signal DS2, the driving circuit120 further includes a signal converter 1340 to generate the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 by converting at least one of theamplitude, the phase, and the like of the first electrode driving signalDS1 generated by the signal generating circuit 1300.

With this configuration, the signal generating circuit 1300 is onlyrequired to generate the first electrode driving signal DS1. Thesignaling load of the signal generating circuit 1300 can be reduced, andeffective touch driving can be provided.

For example, the signal converter 1340 may include a level shifter toadjust the voltage level of a signal, may include a phase controller tocontrol the phase of a signal, and/or may include a DA converter toconvert a DC signal into an AC signal (e.g. a pulse signal) or an ADconverter to convert an AC signal (e.g. a pulse signal) into a DCsignal. The signal converter 1340 may be implemented as the secondelectrode driving circuit 1320 or may be included in the secondelectrode driving circuit 1320.

Referring to FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, in the touch driving period, thedetection processor 1330 detects both touch position and the touchingforce of a touch by receiving a signal from at least one first electrodeE1 among the plurality of first electrodes E1 via the first electrodedriving circuit 1310. The signal received from the at least one firstelectrode E1 is generated as a result of the first electrode drivingsignal applied to the first electrodes E1, the second electrode drivingsignal applied to the second electrodes E2, and a capacitance betweenthe electrodes E1 and E2, as shown in FIG. 7.

The detection processor 1330 may be a component corresponding to theprocessor 740 in FIG. 7, and may be a micro controller unit (MCU).

As described above, the detection processor 1330 not only performs thetouch sensing function but also performs the force sensing function byreceiving signals from the first electrodes E1 via the first electrodedriving circuit 1310, whereby the two sensing functions can beefficiently performed using the same processing method.

The signal generating circuit 1300 may be implemented as a powerintegrated circuit (IC).

The signal generating circuit 1300, the first electrode driving circuit1310, and the detection processor 1330 may be implemented as separateICs. Alternatively, at least two of the signal generating circuit 1300,the first electrode driving circuit 1310, and the detection processor1330 may be formed in a single IC. For example, the signal generatingcircuit 1300 and the first electrode driving circuit 1310 may beincluded in a single IC. In some cases, the signal generating circuit1300, the first electrode driving circuit 1310 and the detectionprocessor 1330 may be included in a single IC.

The driving circuit 120 may further include a data driving circuit toapply data voltages to a plurality of data lines, disposed on thedisplay panel 110, in the display driving period.

FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B illustrate signal supply structures of the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments.

FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B illustrate the touch display device 100 includinga backlight unit 1400 as the lower structure 1100. The backlight unit1400 includes a first printed circuit 1420 to transfer signals to thedisplay panel 110, a second printed circuit 1430 to transfer signals toa backlight driver within the backlight unit 1400, and the like.

FIG. 14A is an exemplary embodiment of FIG. 13A, and FIG. 14B is anexemplary embodiment of FIG. 13B.

Referring to FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the second electrode driving circuit1320 includes one or more of the printed circuits 1420 and 1430,electrically connecting the signal generating circuit 1300 and thesecond electrode E2, as a component for transferring a second electrodedriving signal.

That is, the printed circuits 1420 and 1430 provided for the displaydriving operation can be used for the transfer of driving signals in atouch driving period.

As described above, one or more of the printed circuits 1420 and 1430can be used as the second electrode driving circuit 1320 to transfer thesecond electrode driving signal DS2 for driving in the touch drivingperiod. Accordingly, it is unnecessary to form an additional circuit,and a compact signal transfer structure can be formed using one or moreof the printed circuits 1420 and 1430 formed of a flexible material.

More specifically, by way of example, referring to FIG. 14A and FIG.14B, the first printed circuit 1420 receiving the first electrodedriving signal DS1 output from the signal generating circuit 1300 isconnected to a peripheral portion of the display panel 110, therebybeing electrically connected to the driving chip 1130.

The first and second printed circuits 1420 and 1430 may be connected toeach other using a pin contact method.

The second printed circuit 1430 has a terminal PA connected to the firstprinted circuit 1420.

The terminal PA of the second, flexible printed circuit 1430 not onlyhas a pin to receive a signal for the driving of the backlight unit1400, but also a touching force sensing driving pin 1431 to receive thesecond electrode driving signal DS2 from the first printed circuit 1420.

The touching force sensing driving pin 1431 allows the second electrodedriving signal DS2 to be transferred from the first printed circuit 1420to the second printed circuit 1430.

The second printed circuit 1430 and the second electrode E2 may bedirectly connected via contact terminals, or may be electricallyconnected via a connecting medium 1440, such as a wire, a conductivetape, or a conductive electrode pattern.

Hereinafter, reference will be made to exemplary operating drivingperiods of the two driving modes (the display mode and the touch mode)of the touch display device 100 and exemplary driving methods of thetouch display device 100 in a touch driving period.

FIG. 15 illustrates two operating driving periods of the touch displaydevice 100 according to the present embodiments and signals applied to afirst electrode E1 and a second electrode E2 depending on the operatingdriving periods.

Referring to FIG. 15, a display driving period D in which a displayfunction is executed and a touch driving period T in which a touchposition and a touching force are detected may be, for example,temporally divided.

During display driving period D, the driving circuit 120 suppliesdisplay driving voltages (e.g. common voltages Vcom) to a plurality offirst electrodes E1.

In the touch driving period T, the driving circuit 120 applies a firstelectrode driving signal DS1 to the plurality of first electrodes E1 andapplies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrodeE2.

Since the driving and sensing processes for touch sensing and forcesensing are simultaneously executed in the touch driving period T,amounts of time required for the driving and sensing processes for touchsensing and force sensing can be reduced.

Hereinafter, exemplary methods of allocating the display driving periodD and the touch driving period T to frame periods will be described.

FIG. 16A and FIG. 16b illustrate first and second allocation methods forthe two driving periods of the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments.

As described above, at least one display driving period is present inevery frame period, and at least one touch driving period is present inevery frame period.

Referring to the first allocation method illustrated in FIG. 16A, onedisplay driving period D and one touch driving period T are allocated toat least one frame period. In this case, specific frame periods may onlybe allocated with the display driving period D.

Referring to the second allocation method illustrated in FIG. 16B, atleast one frame period may be allocated with n number of display drivingperiods D1, . . . , and Dn (where n is a natural number equal to orgreater than 2) and n number of touch driving periods T1, . . . , andTn.

Although it is illustrated in FIG. 16B that the number of the displaydriving periods and the number of the touch driving periods present in asingle frame period are the same, the numbers thereof may differ.

A specific frame period may only have the display driving period Dallocated thereto.

FIG. 17 illustrates a switch circuit 1710 and a signal detection circuit1720 of the first electrode driving circuit 1310 in the driving circuit120 of the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments, and FIG. 18 illustrates exemplary embodiments of the switchcircuit 1710 and the signal detection circuit 1720 of the firstelectrode driving circuit 1310 in the driving circuit 120 of the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 17, in order to selectively supply display drivingvoltages (e.g. Vcom) and a first electrode driving signal DS1 to thefirst electrodes E1 according to the two driving periods D and T, thefirst electrode driving circuit 1310 includes the switch circuit 1710 toselect at least one signal line among signal lines SL connected to theplurality of first electrodes E1 and the signal detection circuit 1720to detect signals via the plurality of first electrodes E1 connected tothe switch circuit 1710.

The switch circuit 1710 includes one or more multiplexers. The signaldetection circuit 1720 includes one or more analog front ends (AFEs).

In the display driving period D, the switch circuit 1710 selects theentirety of the signal lines SL connected to the plurality of firstelectrodes E1 and connects the entirety of the signal lines SL to adisplay driving voltage supply circuit (not shown), whereby displaydriving voltages are applied to all of the plurality of first electrodesE1.

In the touch driving period T, the first electrode driving circuit 1310sequentially drives the plurality of first electrodes E1, i.e. drivesthe plurality of first electrodes E1 one by one in a specific order.

According to this individual driving, the plurality of first electrodesE1 may be driven in the order of S11, S12, S13, S14, S21, S22, . . . ,S63, and S64.

In the case of individual driving, in the touch driving period T, theswitch circuit 1710 sequentially selects the signal lines SL connectedto the plurality of first electrodes E1. Thus, the first electrodedriving signal DS1 is applied to the corresponding first electrode E1through the selected signal line.

The first electrode driving circuit 1310 may drive the plurality offirst electrodes E1 in groups.

In the case of driving in groups, in the touch driving period T, theswitch circuit 1710 sequentially selects a set number of signal linesamong the signal lines SL connected to the plurality of first electrodesE1 (where the set number of signal lines is the number of the firstelectrodes belonging to a single group, and is 4 in FIG. 18). Thus, thefirst electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to two or more firstelectrodes E1 belonging to a specific group.

As illustrated in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, twenty-four first electrodes E1(S11, S12, S13, S14, S21, S22, S23, S24, . . . , S61, S62, S63, and S64)are arranged in a matrix of six rows and four columns. Consideringdriving efficiency, for example, the switch circuit 1710 includes fourmultiplexers MUX1, MUX2, MUX3, and MUX4, and the signal detectioncircuit 1720 includes four analog front ends AFE1, AFE2, AFE3, and AFE4.

Referring to FIG. 18, four first electrodes S11 to S14 arranged in thefirst row form a first group G1, four first electrodes S21 to S24arranged in the second row form a second group G2, four first electrodesS31 to S34 arranged in the third row form a third group G3, four firstelectrodes S41 to S44 arranged in the fourth row form a fourth group G4,four first electrodes S51 to S54 arranged in the fifth row form a fifthgroup G5, and four first electrodes S61 to S64 arranged in the sixth rowform a sixth group G6.

FIG. 19, FIG. 20A, and FIG. 20B illustrate an exemplary first electrodedriving method of the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments.

FIG. 19 illustrates twenty-four first electrodes E1 (S11, S12, S13, S14,S21, S22, S23, S24, . . . , S61, S62, S63, and S64) arranged in sixgroups G1 to G6, as in FIG. 18, in which the six groups G1 to G6 aresequentially driven. As a result, different groups G1 to G6 are drivenwith the first electrode driving signal DS1 at different points in timet1 to t6 of a frame period.

Referring to FIG. 19, at a point in time t1, the first group G1 isdriven in response to a first electrode driving signal DS1 beingsimultaneously applied to four first electrodes S11 to S14 in the firstgroup G1.

Subsequently, at a point in time t2, the second group G2 is driven inresponse to a first electrode driving signal DS1 being simultaneouslyapplied to four first electrodes S21 to S24 in the second group G2.

Thereafter, at a point in time t3, the third group G3 is driven inresponse to a first electrode driving signal DS1 being simultaneouslyapplied to four first electrodes S31 to S34 in the third group G3.

Subsequently, at a point in time t4, the fourth group G4 is driven inresponse to a first electrode driving signal DS1 being simultaneouslyapplied to four first electrodes S41 to S44 in the fourth group G4.

Thereafter, at a point in time t5, the fifth group G5 is driven inresponse to a first electrode driving signal DS1 being simultaneouslyapplied to four first electrodes S51 to S54 in the fifth group G5.

Subsequently, at a point in time t6, the sixth group G6 is driven inresponse to a first electrode driving signal DS1 being simultaneouslyapplied to four first electrodes S61 to S64 in the sixth group G6.

As illustrated in FIG. 20A, a t1 period, a t2 period, a t3 period, a t4period, a t5 period, and a t6 period may be periods connected to eachother, forming a plurality of sub-periods included in a single touchdriving period T.

Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 20, the t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, and t6periods correspond to touch driving periods T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6,which are not connected to each other. Here, display driving periods Dalternate with the touch driving periods T1 to T6.

Referring to the first allocation method illustrated in FIG. 20A, onedisplay driving period D and one touch driving period T are present in asingle frame period.

Referring to FIG. 20a , the display driving period D and the touchdriving period T may be controlled based on a synchronous signal SYNCprovided from a controller (not shown), such as a timing controller, tothe driving circuit 120. Here, a higher level period (or a lower levelperiod) of the synchronous signal SYNC indicates the display drivingperiod D, whereas a lower level period (or a higher level period) of thesynchronous signal SYNC indicates the touch driving period T.

In the case in which the two operating modes are controlled using thefirst allocation method illustrated in FIG. 20A, when the firstelectrodes are driven in groups, during a single touch driving period T,the first group G1 is driven at the point in time t1, the second groupG2 is driven at the point in time t2, the third group G3 is driven atthe point in time t3, the fourth group G4 is driven at the point in timet4, the fifth group G5 is driven at the point in time t5, and the sixthgroup G6 is driven at the point in time t6.

Referring to the second allocation method illustrated in FIG. 20B, sixdisplay driving periods D1 to D6 and six touch driving periods T1 to T6are present in a single frame period.

Referring to FIG. 20B, the six display driving periods D1 to D6 and thesix touch driving periods T1 to T6 are controlled based on a synchronoussignal SYNC provided from a controller (not shown), such as a timingcontroller, to the driving circuit 120. Here, a higher level period (ora lower level period) of the synchronous signal SYNC indicates thedisplay driving periods D1 to D6, whereas a lower level period (or ahigher level period) of the synchronous signal SYNC indicates the touchdriving periods T1 to T6.

In the case in which the two operating modes are controlled using thefirst allocation method illustrated in FIG. 20B, when the firstelectrodes are driven in groups, the first group G1 is driven at thepoint in time t1 in the first touch driving period T1, the second groupG2 is driven at the point in time t2 in the second touch driving periodT2, the third group G3 is driven at the point in time t3 in the thirdtouch driving period T3, the fourth group G4 is driven at the point intime t4 in the fourth touch driving period T4, the fifth group G5 isdriven at the point in time t5 in the fifth touch driving period T4, andthe sixth group G6 is driven at the point in time t6 in the sixth touchdriving period T6.

The second electrode E2, forming a force sensor together with theplurality of first electrodes E1, may be a single electrode plate or maya split electrode assembly including a plurality of split electrodes.

Hereinafter, exemplary driving methods in a touch driving period T whenthe second electrode E2 is an electrode plate will be described first,and then exemplary driving methods in a touch driving period T when thesecond electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly will be described.

Exemplary cases of controlling two operating modes using a firstallocation method and exemplary cases of controlling two operating modesusing a second allocation method are illustrated in the followingdrawings, in which a first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied tothe plurality of first electrodes E1, and a second electrode drivingsignal DS2 is applied to the second electrode E2.

FIG. 21, FIG. 22A, and FIG. 22B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including full driving of the second electrode E2 in the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments when the secondelectrode E2 is an electrode plate. The second electrode E2 is a singleelectrode having substantially the same size as all of the firstelectrodes E1.

Referring to FIG. 21, the touch driving method including full driving ofthe second electrode E2 is a method of driving the second electrode atall points in time t1 to t6 in which the plurality of first electrodesE1 are driven.

In this regard, the driving circuit 120 applies a second electrodedriving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at each point in time inwhich a first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to at least onefirst electrode among the plurality of first electrodes E1.

Referring to FIG. 22A, when the two operating modes are controlled bythe first allocation method, during the touch driving period T, thedriving circuit 120 applies the second electrode driving signal DS2 tothe second electrode E2 at each of points in time t1 to t6, in each ofwhich the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to at least onefirst electrode (four first electrodes in the case of driving in groupsas illustrated) among the plurality of first electrodes E1.

Referring to FIG. 22B, when the two operating modes are controlled bythe second allocation method, the driving circuit 120 applies a secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at points intime t1 to t6 in each of touch driving periods T1 to T6, in which afirst electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to at least one firstelectrode (four first electrodes in the case of driving in groups asillustrated) among the plurality of first electrodes E1.

According to the touch driving method including full driving of thesecond electrode E2 as described above, the second electrode E2 can bedriven in a simple manner.

FIG. 23, FIG. 24A, and FIG. 24B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including temporal partial driving of the second electrode E2 inthe touch display device 100 according to the present embodiments whenthe second electrode E2 is an electrode plate.

Referring to FIG. 23, the touch driving method including temporalpartial driving of the second electrode E2 is a method able to reducethe driving time of the second electrode E2, thereby reducing powerconsumption.

In this regard, the driving circuit 120 applies a second electrodedriving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at a point in time (e.g.t5) in which a first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to groupG5, which includes the first electrode S53 among the plurality of firstelectrodes E1 corresponding to a previously-detected touch position in atouch driving period that has already been processed.

Referring to FIG. 24A, when two operating modes are controlled by thefirst allocation method, in a touch driving period T, the drivingcircuit 120 applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to the secondelectrode E2 only at a point in time t5 at which the first electrode S53corresponding to a previously-detected touch position is driven, amongall points in time t1 to t6 at which a first electrode driving signalDS1 is applied to at least one first electrode among the plurality offirst electrodes E1 (four first electrodes in the case of driving ingroups), and does not apply the second electrode driving signal DS2 tothe second electrode E2 at the other points in time t1 to t4 and t6.

Referring to FIG. 24B, when the two operating modes are controlled bythe second allocation method, the driving circuit 120 applies a secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 only at a pointin time t5 at which the first electrode S53 corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position is driven, among points in time t1 tot6 in each of touch driving periods T1 to T6 in which a first electrodedriving signal DS1 is applied to at least one first electrode among theplurality of first electrodes E1 (four first electrodes in the case ofdriving in groups), and does not apply the second electrode drivingsignal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at the other points in time t1 tot4 and t6.

When the second electrode E2 is driven using the touch driving methodincluding temporal partial driving of the second electrode E2, it ispossible to reduce power consumption while enabling force sensing.

FIG. 25, FIG. 26A, and FIG. 26B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including extended temporal partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 in the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments when the second electrode E2 is an electrode plate.

Referring to FIG. 25, the touch driving method including extendedtemporal partial driving of the second electrode E2 is a method able toreduce power consumption while preventing the accuracy of force sensingfrom being lowered due to temporal partial driving.

The driving circuit 120 applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 tothe second electrode E2 at points in time t4, t5, and t6 at which afirst electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to the first electrode S53corresponding to a previously-detected touch position and thesurrounding first electrodes S42 to S44, S52, S54, and S62 to S64. Morespecifically, during t5 first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied togroup G5, and during t4 and t6 first electrode driving signal DS1 isapplied to adjacent groups G4 and G6.

Referring to FIG. 26a , when two operating modes are controlled by thefirst allocation method, during a touch driving mode T, the drivingcircuit 120 applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to the secondelectrode E2 at points in time t4, t5, and t6 at which the firstelectrode S53 corresponding to a previously-detected touch position andthe surrounding first electrodes S42 to S44, S52, S54, and S62 to S64are driven, among all points in time t1 to t6 at which a first electrodedriving signal DS1 is applied to at least one first electrode among theplurality of first electrodes E1 (four first electrodes in the case ofdriving in groups). The driving circuit 120 does not apply the secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at the otherpoints in time t1 to t3.

Referring to FIG. 26B, when the two operating modes are controlled bythe second allocation method, the driving circuit 120 applies a secondelectrode driving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at points intime t4, t5, and t6 at which the first electrode S53 corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position and the surrounding first electrodesS42 to S44, S52, S54, and S62 to S64 are driven, among points in time t1to t6 in each of touch driving periods T1 to T6 in which a firstelectrode driving signal DS1 is applied to at least one first electrodeamong the plurality of first electrodes E1 (four first electrodes in thecase of driving in groups), and does not apply the second electrodedriving signal DS2 to the second electrode E2 at the other points intime t1 to t3.

When the second electrode E2 is driven using the touch driving methodincluding extended temporal partial driving of the second electrode E2,it is possible to reduce power consumption while preventing the accuracyof force sensing from being lowered due to temporal partial driving.

The second electrode E2 may be a split electrode assembly including twoor more split electrodes.

The number of the split electrodes may be the same as or lower than thenumber of the first electrodes.

The number of the split electrodes may be set in consideration of theefficiency and accuracy of force sensing.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, preciseforce sensing is possible. In particular, a multi-force sensing functionable to detect two or more force touches can be provided.

Hereinafter, reference will be made to exemplary touch driving methodsin a touch driving period T when the second electrode E2 is a splitelectrode assembly.

FIG. 27, FIG. 28A, and FIG. 28B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including full driving of the second electrode E2 when the secondelectrode E2 of the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments is a split electrode assembly.

Hereinafter, for the sake of explanation, the second electrode E2includes twenty four split electrodes F11 to F14, F21 to F24, F31 toF34, F41 to F44, F51 to F54, and F61 to F64.

Referring to FIG. 27, the touch driving method including full driving ofthe second electrode E2 is a method of driving all of the splitelectrodes of the second electrode E2 while driving all of the pluralityof first electrodes E1.

Referring to FIG. 27, FIG. 28A, and FIG. 28B, the driving circuit 120applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to all of two or moresplit electrodes F11 to F14, F21 to F24, F31 to F34, F41 to F44, F51 toF54, and F61 to F64 at points in time t1 to t6 at which a firstelectrode driving signal DS1 is sequentially applied to at least onefirst electrode among the plurality of first electrodes E1.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, according tothe touch driving method including full driving of the second electrodeE2 as described above, the second electrode E2 can be driven in a simplemanner.

FIG. 29, FIG. 30A, and FIG. 30B illustrate another exemplary touchdriving method including full driving of the second electrode E2 whenthe second electrode E2 of the touch display device 100 according to thepresent embodiments is a split electrode assembly.

Referring to FIG. 29, the touch driving method including full driving ofthe second electrode E2 is a method of driving all of the splitelectrodes of the second electrode E2 while driving all of the pluralityof first electrodes E1, by driving specific groups of split electrodescorresponding to specific first electrodes being driven.

Referring to FIG. 29, FIG. 30A, and FIG. 30B, the driving circuit 120applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to a group of splitelectrodes (e.g. F11 to F14) corresponding to a group of firstelectrodes (e.g. S11 to S14 in the first group G1) to which a firstelectrode driving signal DS1 is applied at each of points in time t1 tot6 at which the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to atleast one first electrode among the plurality of first electrodes E1.

At t1, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to thefirst electrodes S11 to S14 in the first group G1 among the plurality offirst electrodes E1, the second electrode driving signal DS2 is appliedto the group of split electrodes F11 to F14 among the twenty four splitelectrodes of the second electrode E2, corresponding to the firstelectrodes S11 to S14.

At t2, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to thefirst electrodes S21 to S24 in the second group G2 among the pluralityof first electrodes E1, the second electrode driving signal DS2 isapplied to the group of split electrodes F21 to F24 among the twentyfour split electrodes of the second electrode E2, corresponding to thefirst electrodes S21 to S24.

At t3, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to thefirst electrodes S31 to S34 in the third group G3 among the plurality offirst electrodes E1, the second electrode driving signal DS2 is appliedto the group of split electrodes F31 to F34 among the twenty four splitelectrodes of the second electrode E2, corresponding to the firstelectrodes S31 to S34.

At t4, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to thefirst electrodes S41 to S44 in the fourth group G4 among the pluralityof first electrodes E1, the second electrode driving signal DS2 isapplied to the group of split electrodes F41 to F44 among the twentyfour split electrodes of the second electrode E2, corresponding to thefirst electrodes S41 to S44.

At t5, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to thefirst electrodes S51 to S54 in the fifth group G5 among the plurality offirst electrodes E1, the second electrode driving signal DS2 is appliedto the group of split electrodes F51 to F54 among the twenty four splitelectrodes of the second electrode E2, corresponding to the firstelectrodes S51 to S54.

At t6, when the first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to thefirst electrodes S61 to S64 in the sixth group G6 among the plurality offirst electrodes E1, the second electrode driving signal DS2 is appliedto the group of split electrodes F61 to F64 among the twenty four splitelectrodes of the second electrode E2, corresponding to the firstelectrodes S61 to S64.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, the use ofthe touch driving method, including full driving of the second electrodeE2 as described above, can reduce the driving time of each of theplurality of split electrodes of the second electrode E2, therebyreducing power consumption.

FIG. 31, FIG. 32A, and FIG. 32B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including temporal partial driving of the second electrode E2when the second electrode E2 of the touch display device 100 accordingto the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly.

Referring to FIG. 31, FIG. 32A, and FIG. 32B, the touch driving methodincluding temporal partial driving of the second electrode E2 is amethod able to reduce the driving time of each of the plurality of splitelectrodes F11 to F14, F21 to F24, F31 to F34, F41 to F44, F51 to F54,and F61 to F64 of the second electrode E2 (temporal partial driving),thereby reducing power consumption.

Referring to FIG. 31, FIG. 32A, and FIG. 32B, the driving circuit 120applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to all of two or moresplit electrodes F11 to F14, F21 to F24, F31 to F34, F41 to F44, F51 toF54, and F61 to F64 of the second electrode E2 only at a point in timet5 at which a first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to theelectrode group G5 that includes first electrode S53 corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, the touchdriving method including temporal partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 can reduce power consumption while enabling force sensing.

FIG. 33, FIG. 34A, and FIG. 34B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including extended temporal partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 when the second electrode E2 of the touch display device100 according to the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly.

Referring to FIG. 33, FIG. 34A, and FIG. 34B, the touch driving methodincluding extended temporal partial driving of the second electrode E2is a method able to reduce power consumption by reducing the drivingtime of each of the plurality of split electrodes F11 to F14, F21 toF24, F31 to F34, F41 to F44, F51 to F54, and F61 to F64 of the secondelectrode E2 (temporal partial driving) while preventing the accuracy offorce sensing from being lowered due to temporal partial driving.

Referring to FIG. 33, FIG. 34A, and FIG. 34B, the driving circuit 120applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to all of two or moresplit electrodes F11 to F14, F21 to F24, F31 to F34, F41 to F44, F51 toF54, and F61 to F64 of the second electrode E2 at points in time t4 tot6 at which a first electrode driving signal DS1 is applied to the firstelectrode S53 corresponding to a previously-detected touch position andthe surrounding first electrodes S42 to S44, S52, S54, and S62 to S64.More specifically, during t5 first electrode driving signal DS1 isapplied to group G5, and during t4 and t6 first electrode driving signalDS1 is applied to adjacent groups G4 and G6.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, the touchdriving method including extended temporal partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 can reduce power consumption while preventing the accuracyof force sensing from being lowered due to temporal partial driving.

FIG. 35, FIG. 36A, and FIG. 36B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including temporal/spatial partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 when the second electrode E2 of the touch display device100 according to the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly.

Referring to FIG. 35, FIG. 36A, and FIG. 36B, the touch driving methodincluding temporal/spatial partial driving of the second electrode E2 isa method able to further reduce power consumption by reducing thedriving time of each of the plurality of split electrodes F11 to F14,F21 to F24, F31 to F34, F41 to F44, F51 to F54, and F61 to F64 of thesecond electrode E2 (temporal partial driving) and reducing the numberof the split electrodes to be driven (spatial partial driving).

Referring to FIG. 35, FIG. 36A, and FIG. 36B, the driving circuit 120applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 to the split electrode F53corresponding to a previously-detected touch position instead of to theentirety of the split electrodes, at a point in time t5 at which a firstelectrode driving signal DS1 is applied to the first electrode S53corresponding to the previously-detected touch position.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, the touchdriving method including temporal/spatial partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 can further reduce power consumption by reducing thedriving time of the split electrodes and reducing the number of thesplit electrodes to be driven.

FIG. 37, FIG. 38A, and FIG. 38B illustrate an exemplary touch drivingmethod including extended temporal/spatial partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 when the second electrode E2 of the touch display device100 according to the present embodiments is a split electrode assembly.

Referring to FIG. 37, FIG. 38A, and FIG. 38B, in a touch driving period,the driving circuit 120 applies a second electrode driving signal DS2 tothe split electrode F53 corresponding to a previously-detected touchposition at a point in time t5 at which a first electrode driving signalDS1 is applied to the first electrode S53 corresponding to thepreviously-detected touch position.

In addition, at each of points in time t4 to t6 at which the firstelectrode driving signal DS1 is applied to the first electrodes S42 toS44, S52, S54, and S62 to S64 adjacent to and surrounding the firstelectrode S53 corresponding to the previously-detected touch position,the driving circuit 120 further applies the second electrode drivingsignal DS2 to the split electrodes F42 to F44, F52, F54, and F62 to F64corresponding to the surrounding first electrodes S42 to S44, S52, S54,and S62 to S64. Specifically, electrode F53 is at thepreviously-detected touch position, and electrodes F42, F43, F44, F52,F54, F62, F63 and F64 are adjacent to and surround electrode F53.

When the second electrode E2 is a split electrode assembly, the touchdriving method including temporal/spatial partial driving of the secondelectrode E2 can further reduce power consumption by reducing thedriving time of the split electrodes and reducing the number of thesplit electrodes to be driven while preventing the accuracy of forcesensing from being lowered due to partial driving.

Hereinafter, a method of driving the above-described touch displaydevice 100 will be described in brief.

FIG. 39 is a flowchart illustrating the method of driving the touchdisplay device 100 according to the present embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 39, the method of driving the touch display device 100according to the present embodiments includes: step S3910 of driving thedisplay panel 110 in a display driving period; step 53920 ofsequentially driving the plurality of first electrodes E1 disposedwithin the display panel 110 and driving the second electrode E2disposed outside of the display panel 110 in a touch driving period; andstep 53930 of detecting at least one of the touch position and thetouching force of a touch.

The use of the driving method as described above can detect both thetouch position and the touching force using a single operating mode,i.e. a touch mode.

FIG. 40 to FIG. 43 illustrate exemplary display driving ICs 4000, 4100,4200, and 4300 of the touch display device 100 according to the presentembodiments.

Referring to FIG. 40, the display driving IC 4000 may be a driving IC todrive the first electrode E1.

The display driving IC 4000 includes: a display driving circuit 4010supplying a display driving voltage (e.g. a common voltage Vcom) to theplurality of first electrodes E1 disposed within the display panel 110in a display driving period D; and a touch driving circuit 4020sequentially applying a touch driving signal TDS to at least one firstelectrode among the plurality of first electrodes E1 in a touch drivingperiod T.

The display driving IC 4000 illustrated in FIG. 40 may be an exemplaryembodiment of the first electrode driving circuit 1310 illustrated inFIG. 13A and FIG. 13B.

Referring to FIG. 41, the display driving IC 4100 includes the firstelectrode driving circuit 1310 and a data driving circuit 4110. The datadriving circuit 4110 drives a plurality of data lines DL disposed on thedisplay panel 110 by supplying data voltages to the plurality of datalines DL.

Referring to FIG. 42, the display driving IC 4200 further includes asignal generating circuit 1300, in addition to the first electrodedriving circuit 1310 and the data driving circuit 4110.

Referring to FIG. 43, the display driving IC 4300 further includes adetection processor 1330, in addition to the first electrode drivingcircuit 1310, the driving circuit 4110, and the signal generatingcircuit 1300.

As set forth above, in the driving circuit, the touch display device100, and the method driving the touch display device according to thepresent disclosure, when a user touches a screen, not only can a touchposition be sensed, but also a touching force with which the userpresses the screen can also be efficiently sensed, in order to provide arange of functions.

In addition, in the driving circuit, the touch display device 100, andthe method driving the touch display device according to the presentdisclosure, the electrodes of a single type disposed within the displaypanel 110 can be simultaneously used for three distinct drivingoperations, including display (image output), touch sensing, and forcesensing.

Furthermore, in the driving circuit, the touch display device 100, andthe method driving the touch display device according to the presentdisclosure, both a touch sensing operation and a force sensing operationcan be simultaneously executed in a touch driving period.

In addition, in the driving circuit, the touch display device 100, andthe method driving the touch display device according to the presentdisclosure, it is possible to detect multiple touches by executing forcesensing.

In this regard, the touch display device 100 has the second electrodestructure including split electrodes, with which force sensing at aplurality of points is enabled.

The foregoing descriptions and the accompanying drawings have beenpresented in order to explain the certain principles of the presentdisclosure. A person skilled in the art to which the disclosure relatescan make many modifications and variations by combining, dividing,substituting for, or changing the elements without departing from theprinciple of the disclosure. The foregoing embodiments disclosed hereinshall be interpreted as illustrative only but not as limitative of theprinciple and scope of the disclosure. It should be understood that thescope of the disclosure shall be defined by the appended Claims and allof their equivalents fall within the scope of the disclosure.

1. A touch display device comprising: a plurality of first electrodesdisposed within a display panel; one or more second electrodes separatedfrom the first electrodes by a gap; and a driving circuit, wherein thedriving circuit: applies a first electrode driving signal to at leastone first electrode among the plurality of first electrodes; applies asecond electrode driving signal different than the first electrodedriving signal to the one or more second electrodes while the firstelectrode driving signal is applied to the at least one first electrode;and detects touch position and force touch based on a signal generatedresponsive to both the first electrode driving signal and the secondelectrode driving signal.
 2. The touch display device according to claim1, wherein the driving circuit applies a common voltage to the at leastone first electrode during a display driving period of a frame period;and the driving circuit applies the first electrode driving signal andthe second electrode driving signal during a touch driving period of theframe period, the touch driving period distinct in time from the displaydriving period.
 3. The touch display device according to claim 1,wherein the first electrode driving signal is a pulse signal, and thesecond electrode driving signal is a pulse signal or a signal having adirect current (DC) voltage.
 4. The touch display device according toclaim 3, wherein, when the first electrode driving signal and the secondelectrode driving signal are pulse signals, the first electrode drivingsignal and the second electrode driving signal are in phase with eachother or 180 degrees out of phase with each other.
 5. The touch displaydevice according to claim 4, wherein, when the first electrode drivingsignal and the second electrode driving signal are in-phase pulsesignals, an amplitude of the second electrode driving signal is greaterthan an amplitude of the first electrode driving signal.
 6. The touchdisplay device according to claim 4, wherein the direct current voltageis a predetermined reference voltage or a ground voltage.
 7. The touchdisplay device according to claim 1, wherein the one or more secondelectrodes is a single second electrode that corresponds to all of theplurality of first electrodes.
 8. The touch display device according toclaim 7, wherein, the plurality of first electrodes is divided into aplurality of first electrode groups, the driving circuit applies, duringa frame period, the first electrode driving signal to respective groupsof the first electrode groups at different respective times, and thedriving circuit applies, during the frame period, the second electrodedriving signal to the second electrode during each of the differentrespective times.
 9. The touch display device according to claim 7,wherein, the plurality of first electrodes is divided into a pluralityof first electrode groups, the driving circuit applies, during a frameperiod, the first electrode driving signal to respective groups of thefirst electrode groups at different respective times, and the drivingcircuit applies, during the frame period, the second electrode drivingsignal to the second electrode only at a point in time at which thefirst electrode driving signal is applied to an electrode group amongthe first electrode groups corresponding to a previously-detected touchposition.
 10. The touch display device according to claim 7, wherein,the plurality of first electrodes is divided into a plurality of firstelectrode groups, the driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the first electrode driving signal to respective groups of the firstelectrode groups at different respective times, and the driving circuitapplies, during the frame period, the second electrode driving signal tothe second electrode only at points in time at which the first electrodesignal is applied to an electrode group among the first electrode groupscorresponding to a previously-detected touch position and is applied toother electrode groups among the first electrode groups that areadjacent to the electrode group.
 11. The touch display device accordingto claim 1, wherein the one or more second electrodes comprises aplurality of second electrodes.
 12. The touch display device accordingto claim 11, wherein, the plurality of first electrodes is divided intoa plurality of first electrode groups, the driving circuit applies,during a frame period, the first electrode driving signal to respectivegroups of the first electrode groups at different respective times, andthe driving circuit applies, during the frame period, the secondelectrode driving signal to all of the plurality of second electrodesduring each of the different respective times.
 13. The touch displaydevice according to claim 11, wherein, the plurality of first electrodesis divided into a plurality of first electrode groups, the plurality ofsecond electrodes is divided into a plurality of second electrode groupscorresponding to the first electrode groups, the driving circuitapplies, during a frame period, the first electrode driving signal torespective groups of the first electrode groups at different respectivetimes while also providing the second electrode driving signal torespective groups of the second electrode groups at each of thedifferent respective times.
 14. The touch display device according toclaim 11, wherein, the plurality of first electrodes is divided into aplurality of first electrode groups, the driving circuit applies, duringa frame period, the first electrode driving signal to respective groupsof the first electrode groups at different respective times, and thedriving circuit applies, during the frame period, the second electrodedriving signal to all of the plurality of second electrodes only at apoint in time during which the first electrode driving signal is appliedto an electrode group among the plurality of first electrode groupscorresponding to a previously-detected touch position.
 15. The touchdisplay device according to claim 11, wherein, the plurality of firstelectrodes is divided into a plurality of first electrode groups, thedriving circuit applies, during a frame period, the first electrodedriving signal to respective groups of the first electrode groups atdifferent respective times, and the driving circuit applies, during theframe period, the second electrode driving signal to all of theplurality of second electrodes only at points in time at which the firstelectrode signal is applied to an electrode group of the electrodegroups and is applied to other electrode groups among the firstelectrode groups that are adjacent to the electrode group.
 16. The touchdisplay device according to claim 11, wherein, the plurality of firstelectrodes is divided into a plurality of first electrode groups, thedriving circuit applies, during a frame period, the first electrodedriving signal to respective groups of the first electrode groups atdifferent respective times, and the driving circuit applies the secondelectrode driving signal during the frame period and at a point in timeat which the first electrode driving signal is applied to an electrodegroup among the plurality of first electrode groups corresponding to apreviously-detected touch position, the second electrode driving signalapplied only to a single second electrode among the plurality of secondelectrodes that corresponds to the previously-detected touch position.17. The touch display device according to claim 11, wherein, theplurality of first electrodes is divided into a plurality of firstelectrode groups, the driving circuit applies, during a frame period,the first electrode driving signal to respective groups of the firstelectrode groups at different respective times, and the driving circuitapplies the second electrode driving signal during the frame period andat a point in time at which the first electrode driving signal isapplied to an electrode group among the plurality of first electrodegroups corresponding to a previously-detected touch position and otherelectrode groups among the plurality of first electrode groups adjacentto the electrode group, the second electrode driving signal applied onlyto a subset of the second electrodes corresponding to thepreviously-detected touch position and adjacent to thepreviously-detected touch position.
 18. The touch display deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the signal used by the driving circuit todetect touch position and force touch is a signal received from the oneor more first electrodes.
 19. The touch display device according toclaim 1, wherein a size of the gap varies depending on a force of atouch.
 20. A driving circuit for a touch display device, the touchdisplay device comprising a plurality of first electrodes disposedwithin a display panel and one or more second electrodes separated fromthe first electrodes by a gap, the driving circuit comprising: a firstcircuit to apply a first electrode driving signal to at least one firstelectrode among the plurality of first electrodes; a second circuit toapply a second electrode driving signal different than the firstelectrode driving signal to the one or more second electrodes while thefirst electrode driving signal is applied to the at least one firstelectrode; and a third circuit to detect touch position and force touchbased on a signal generated responsive to both the first electrodedriving signal and the second electrode driving signal.
 21. The drivingcircuit of claim 20, wherein the first circuit applies a common voltageto the at least one first electrode during a display driving period of aframe period; and the first electrode driving signal and the secondelectrode driving signal are applied during a touch driving period ofthe frame period, the touch driving period distinct in time from thedisplay driving period.
 22. The driving circuit of claim 21, wherein thefirst electrode driving signal is a pulse signal, and the secondelectrode driving signal is a pulse signal or a signal having a directcurrent (DC) voltage.
 23. The driving circuit of claim 22, wherein, whenthe first electrode driving signal and the second electrode drivingsignal are pulse signals, the first electrode driving signal and thesecond electrode driving signal are in phase with each other or 180degrees out of phase with each other.
 24. The driving circuit of claim23, wherein, when the first electrode driving signal and the secondelectrode driving signal are in-phase pulse signals, an amplitude of thesecond electrode driving signal is greater than an amplitude of thefirst electrode driving signal.
 25. The driving circuit of claim 22,wherein the direct current voltage is a predetermined reference voltageor a ground voltage.
 26. A method of driving a touch display device, thetouch display device comprising a plurality of first electrodes disposedwithin a display panel, and one or more second electrodes separated fromthe first electrodes by a gap, the method comprising: applying a firstelectrode driving signal to at least one first electrode among theplurality of first electrodes; applying a second electrode drivingsignal different than the first electrode driving signal to the one ormore second electrodes while the first electrode driving signal isapplied to the at least one first electrode; and detecting touchposition and force touch based on a signal generated responsive to boththe first electrode driving signal and the second electrode drivingsignal.
 27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: applying acommon voltage to the at least one first electrode during a displaydriving period of a frame period; and the first electrode driving signaland the second electrode driving signal are applied during a touchdriving period of the frame period, the touch driving period distinct intime from the display driving period.
 28. The method of claim 26,wherein the first electrode driving signal is a pulse signal, and thesecond electrode driving signal is a pulse signal or a signal having adirect current (DC) voltage.
 29. The method of claim 28, wherein, whenthe first electrode driving signal and the second electrode drivingsignal are pulse signals, the first electrode driving signal and thesecond electrode driving signal are in phase with each other or 180degrees out of phase with each other.
 30. The method of claim 29,wherein, when the first electrode driving signal and the secondelectrode driving signal are in-phase pulse signals, an amplitude of thesecond electrode driving signal is greater than an amplitude of thefirst electrode driving signal.
 31. (canceled)